Bilateral Agreements Panchsheel was the joint effort under which, the Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence, by the Indian Prime Minister Nehru and the Chinese Premier Zhou Enlai was signed on 29 April 1954 in the direction of stronger relationship between the two countries. In spite of the 'Panchsheel Agreement,' between the period of 1957 and 1959, the Chinese occupied the Aksai?chin area and built a strategic road there. Finally, China launched a swift and massive invasion in October 1962 on both the disputed regions i.e. Arunachal Pradesh and Aksai Chin area in Jammu and Kashmir. A long?term dispute between India and Pakistan about the sharing of river water was resolved through mediation by the World Bank. Resultantly, the India? Pakistan Indus Waters Treaty was signed by Nehru and General Ayub Khan in 1960. An armed conflict between India and Pakistan began in 1965; at that time, Lal Bahadur Shastri was the Prime Minister of India. The hostilities came to an end with the UN intervention. Later, the?then Indian Prime Minister Lal Bahadur Shastri and Pakistan's General Ayub Khan signed the Tashkent Agreement in January 1966, and it was mediated by the Soviet Union. Taskant In 1971, the US and China supported Pakistan. India signed a 20?year Treaty of Peace and Friendship with the Soviet Union in August 1971 to counter the US?Pakistan?China axis. Pakistan's attack on India in December 1971, was the major loss for both the countries; secondly, because of this war, East Pakistan became an Independent country as Bangladesh. The dispute was resolved through the signing of the Shimla Agreement between Indira Gandhi and Zulfikar Ali Bhutto on July 3, 1972. Shimala Agreement Nuclear Development Another important development of this period was the first nuclear explosion undertaken by India in May 1974. When Communist China conducted nuclear tests in October 1964, the five nuclear weapon powers i.e. the US, the USSR, the UK, France, and China (the five Permanent Members of the UN Security Council) tried to impose the Nuclear Non?proliferation Treaty (NPT) of 1968 on the rest of the world. However, India always considered the NPT as discriminatory and had refused to sign it. India conducted a series of nuclear tests in May 1998, demonstrating its capacity to use nuclear energy for military purposes. Before the period of 1990, Russia was the important political friend of India, but after the period of 1990, Russia, though it continues to be an important friend of India, has lost its global preeminence and India's pro?US policy started developing. India's foreign policy is always dictated by ideas of national interest. In Krutayugaa, there was one Prajapati called Kashyapa Prajapati. He has got two wives, Vinata and Kadruva. They both prayed Kashyapa for male children. Kashya asked them "How many male children you want and with what qualities?" Kadruva said that she wanted to have one thousand male children with shining personalities and long bodies. Vinata said that she wanted to have two male children with stronger bodies than the children of kadruva. Kashyapa performed Putrakaameshti yaagaa (a sacrifice which will be performed to beget children). As a result of that Yaga, both Vinata and Kadruva became pregnant. Kadruva got one thousand eggs and vinata got two eggs. After some time, the eggs of kadruva were broken and 1000 snakes, called Aadi Seshuvu, Takshaka, Vaasuki etc. came out of the eggs with long and shining bodies. But the eggs of Vinata were not broken. Vinata was feeling jealousy as Kadruva begot children much before. Somehow or other she also wanted to have children. She forcibly broke one of the eggs. From out of that egg, one strong man came out of the egg with half?grown body i.e., with upper portion of the body and nothing from waist.